Here is my list.
Medium-small, Medium, Large, or Very Large
1. Golden Retriever and it's close kin, the Labrador Retriever (Note, avoid 'sporting' lines) Even regular ones will need a lot of exercise. If you can't handle giving your dog a LOT of exercise, look further down the list. Also, tend to take longer to move out of the 'puppy' stage mentally.
2. Poodle, standard or mini
3. Shetland sheepdog aka Sheltie - can be a barker (note, avoid lines being developed specifically for agility competitors or flyball people, some of those can be more intense than normal)
4. Greyhound, Whippet, Italian Greyhound. (large, medium, small) Tend to be laid back and indoors are quite the couch potato. Don't seem to have big alpha issues, happy to please. They aren't super lovey-dovey like a lab though. Also, being sighthounds if they see something dash they will chase it, be it a rabbit, cat, or blowing shop bag. Chase is better than any treat you can offer them. When chasing, will be deaf to your commands and many have met death chasing something onto a road and not noticing oncoming traffic.
5. Newfundland/Landseer
6a Beagle Can be a barker
6b Pug absolute great personality and mindset for a first dog, however blindness is a problem, the bug eyes cause easy injury and can pop out, the smushed face causes breathing issues which causes it to snore, have a hard time getting enough air during exercise, and can cause death.
6cPuggle Not a breed, a 'mix' passed off as a 'designer dog' but does effectively cure many of the pug's physical problems
7 Spitzen Clan - Erasure, Keeshond, American Eskimo, German Spitz Large, German Spitz Medium (same as American Eskimo, name changed during WW 1 due to anti german sentiment) German Spitz Small, Japanese Spitz, Volpino Italiano, Alaskan Klee Kai
8 Boston Terrier
9 Bull Terrier, regular or mini Clown of the dog world, but I don't approve how far downward the skull has morphed due to selective breeding for looks rather than health.
10 Dachshund, standard or mini be aware their structure makes them inclined toward back problems.
Actually, best from this list is go down to the local pound and find a mix that is composed of any two of these breeds.
Lap Dog subset - as a group, lap dogs have been breed for companionship traits more than most other breeds. They have also been bred to each other a lot, and sometimes the differences are minor, more related to AKC standards regarding color or size. They are not my dog type of choice, but for many people they are absolutely the right choice. Here are the best lapdogs for first time owners
Toy Poodle
Yorkie
Bishon Group (Bichon Frise, Maltese, Havanese, Coton de Tulear) - grooming will become a big part of your time and/or budget.
Papillion
Shih Tzu
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel - lots of health problems
COMMON breeds new owners may be drawn to but should steer clear of. (if I add exotics the list becomes too long)
Border Collie
German Shepherd Dog - too many 'regular' ones have health problems, and the 'healthy' working lines is too much dog for a new person
Malinois
Siberian Husky/Malamute/Samoyed
Akita
Dalmatian
Jack Russell Terrier and kin